Breast reconstruction after a mastectomy is a personal decision that requires careful consideration. The overall goal of breast reconstruction is to restore the breasts so that they closely resemble the look and feel of natural breasts.
It can become overwhelming when trying to decide what type of breast reconstruction may be best. Understanding the most common types of breast reconstruction is the first step in making that decision.
Types of Breast Reconstruction
1. Implant Breast Reconstruction
Breast implants are often used in breast reconstruction. They help recreate the look and feel of natural breast tissue. Your doctor will use silicone or saline implants to help you achieve your aesthetic goals. Implant-based reconstructions can be performed immediately after a mastectomy. They can also be delayed to provide time for healing between procedures. A tissue expander may be placed to create a pocket for the breast implant.
An implant-based reconstruction often offers a shorter recovery time than other options. It also allows for more control over the breast size and shape.
2. Autologous or Flap Reconstruction
An autologous or flap reconstruction can be used for those who prefer a more natural look and feel to their breasts after reconstruction. Flap reconstruction utilizes tissue taken from elsewhere in the body. Tissue can be taken from the abdomen, buttocks, or thighs. It is then used to reform the breasts.
A flap reconstruction is not a one-size-fits-all procedure. The choice depends on multiple factors. The two most common types of flap reconstruction include:
DIEP (Deep Inferior Epigastric Perforator) Flap
This procedure uses the skin and fat from your lower abdomen to recreate breast tissue. A DIEP flap procedure does not remove any abdominal muscle and can result in a more natural breast shape. Another benefit of a DIEP flap is that it can give the lower abdomen a tummy tuck effect.
DIEP flaps require microsurgical equipment and expertise, so they may not be as widely available.
TRAM (Transverse Rectus Abdominis Myocutaneous) Flap
A TRAM flap is similar to a DIEP flap reconstruction. They both use abdominal skin and tissue. However, abdominal muscle is also harvested. Because abdominal muscle is needed to form the new breast tissue, abdominal weakness can be a potential side effect of this procedure.
TRAM flaps typically take less time and tend to have fewer surgical complications.
3. Combination Reconstruction
Some women opt for a combination approach to their breast reconstruction. Combining an implant with a flap reconstruction can provide a more natural result. This type of reconstruction can be an excellent option for those who may not have enough tissue to reconstruct the entire breast.
4. Nipple and Areola Reconstruction
After a breast reconstruction, the nipples and areolas may also require reconstruction. This can be achieved using various techniques, including surgery, tattooing, or combining both. Nipple and areola reconstruction isn’t a requirement, but it can boost how your breasts look. It also helps your confidence by making your breasts look more natural.
Which Option Is Right For You?
The type of breast reconstruction that’s best for you depends on several factors, including:
- Your medical history
- Body type
- Lifestyle
- Personal preferences
No matter your choice, your plastic surgeon will help you navigate your options. They will partner with you to create a personalized surgical plan to help you achieve your desired look.
Learn more about the types of breast reconstruction – schedule a free consultation today!